2020 Archive
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Title: GLOBALIZATION NATIONAL SECURITY AND SOCIO ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF INSURGENCY IN NORTHERN NIGERIA.pdf Author: Aristotle Isaac Jacobs & Ebipamowei Okoyen Abstract: Over the past two decades, the world has witnessed increased interdependence emanating from the activities of globalization. The main driving forces of this process are technology, policy and competition and it subordinate domestic economies to global market conditions and practices. The paper examines national security issues and the unethical blood shed caused by the terrorist organization called Boko Haram in the northern Nigeria and the entire country in the current pattern as armed bandit and herdsmen activities in the era of globalization. Successive governments have tried all measures to curtail it with no significant success recorded. Insurgency in northern Nigeria has posed a multifaceted threat to the nation since 2009, and the threat range from religious, political, social, economic and cultural point of view. However, adequate attention has not been paid to its socio-economic consequences. Therefore, this paper examined globalization, national security and the socio-economic implication of insurgency in northern Nigerian development; it examined the conceptual framework, theoretic insight to the study; Chronicle of Boko Haram attacks in northern Nigeria as well as chronicle of Fulani herdsmen attack in the country, it also looked at the socio-economic consequences of insurgency in northern Nigeria in detail, culminating in retardation of growth and development in the country. The paper recommended the need for serious commitment in the part of government in equipping the security agents to fight insurgency, fight corruption, need for community policing, detribalize security structure and prosecute sponsors of the sect without fear and favour. Keywords: Globalization, National Security, Boko Haram, Insurgency, Northern Nigeria and Socio-economic, Consequences. View |
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Title: THE NIGER DELTA DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION X-RAYING THE PEACE PROPAGATION MANDATE.pdf Author: Dike Harcourt Whyte & Papamie Belema Abstract: The year 2020 is an important milestone in the Niger Delta Development Commission’s plan for measuring and evaluating its performance in delivering on its original ‘mandate’. Twenty years after the establishment of the Commission, the rhetoric surrounding the NDDC’s communication of its ‘mandate’ now confuses the question of whether peacebuilding is a core component of the Commission’s work, and if it is, how. This paper revisits the debate between two schools of thought: one school which advances a case in favour of the position that the NDDC necessarily has a mandate of peace and another school which insists that the legislation that established the NDDC hardly contains any articles or provisions to the effect of a role or responsibility in peace work for the Commission. By tracing the historical precedents that led up to the establishment of the NDDC pre-2000, by reviewing the Commission’s own legacy documents of 2001 and 2004, and by examining extant provisions in the Commission’s establishing laws of 2000 and 2017, the paper employs the method of textual analysis to show how history, documents and statutes play as unmistakable sources of a clear mandate of peace to the NDDC. The paper concludes that understanding these three sources and the content that they each hold will empower not only the NDDC in the communication of her mandate but will also empower the communities of the Niger Delta in the communication of their expectations of the NDDC towards a maintenance of relations that tend to peacebuilding and conflict resolution in the Niger Delta area. Keywords: Peacebuilding, Mandate, Commission View |
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Title: FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT IN NIGERIA JOURNALISTIC CONCERNS.pdf Author: R.N. Amadi, PhD. Dike Harcourt White & Sunday Asetutobe Abstract: View |
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Title: GROWTH OF NIGERIAN ECONOMY ON PRIVATE AND PUBLIC DEBT IN NIGERIA.pdf Author: CHIGBU UZOAMAKA SUSANNA Abstract: This paper empirically investigated the effect of public debt on economic growth in Nigeria, covering the period, 1981-2018. Employing a co-integration approach, the study revealed, prominent among others that a significant short-run relationship exists between Nigeria’s public debt and economic growth. Also, the study further showed that whereas both the domestic debt and external debt variables were statistically significant, only the latter fai OF Eled the a priori expectation test and thus, exerts a negative contribution to economic growth in Nigeria. On the other basis of the findings, the study concluded that most of the external borrowings in Nigeria end up being misappropriated. Hence, the recommendations that there should be proper ways of monitoring public borrowing, with special emphasis on all eternal debts contracted with a view to ensuring that misappropriation is drastically reduced if not eradicated. Keywords: Public debt, Co-integration Approach, Economic Growth. View |
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Title: REPORTAGE OF THE RIVERS STATE 2016 RERUN ELECTION BY THE PUNCH AND THE TIDE NEWSPAPERS A COMPARATIVE APPRAISAL.pdf Author: Nimifaa Sepribo Nelly, Amadi Richard Nlemanya & Dike Harcourt White Abstract: This study examined the coverage of the Rivers state 2016 rerun election by two newspapers; The Tide and The Punch. Quantitative content analysis method of research was used to review the publications of these newspapers between 1st of August and 31st December 2016. It examined news stories, editorials, interviews, opinions, comments, letters to the editors and feature stories as published by the selected newspapers between August 2016 and December 2016. Quantitative method of content analysis was used in determining the prominence given to the (Benue state farmer’s/herdsmen crisis) by the understudied newspapers. The purposive sampling technique was used to select only issues bordering the rerun election in Rivers state within the 5 months studied. In all, a total of 89 issues were found, coded and analysed from the two newspapers publications using the Constant Comparative Technique. The findings reveal that: The publications by The Tide and The Punch newspapers on the Rivers 2016 rerun election were straight news, editorial and feature stories and had straight news as the major story category. Also, the reports were episodic mostly reported as they unfold with no editorial tilt giving it is hasty form (immediacy form). Only The Tide newspaper gave enough prominence to the story as it allocated 36,908 column centimeters of space to the reports. It was therefore recommended among other things that: Topical issues like elections should be reported in a detailed and thematic format where cause can be linked to effects and events properly investigated. Also, stories should be properly investigated before publishing. Investigative journalism is advocated for to avoid the risk of reporting speculations as facts. Keywords: Reportage, Rivers state, 2016 rerun election, Newspapers; The Tide, The Punch. View |
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Title: SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT).pdf Author: EUNICE C. VICTOR-ISHIKAKU, PhD. Abstract: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is one of the innovations in the human race that has brought about tremendous advancement in science and technology. It has provided a ley way in several facet of life that has helped man to checkmate several challenges, mitigate others and improved mans way of life. The advancement in science and technology has also brought with it, some attendant challenges amongst which are insecurity in the society manifesting in diverse forms. This is a hydra-headed challenge that is giving the entire globe sleepless nights; such insecurity challenges as political and governance based violence, terrorism, ethno-religious conflicts and such like. Information and Communication Technology as an innovative technology has great potentials in checkmating if not completely eliminating this menace in the Nigerian society. Some of the ways of checkmating insecurity challenges amongst others are; use of Closed Circuit Television cameras in strategic places such as banks, government establishments, public schools and places, use of biometric capturing machines for registrations and identifications in national issues. Key words: Security, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Terrorism, Ethno-religious conflict, Strategic places, Detective devices. View |
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Title: RURAL AGRICULTURE POLICY AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT THE EXPERIENCE OF THE DIRECTORATE OF FOOD ROAD AND RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE (DFRRI).pdf Author: TAYLOR, TAMUNOSAKI Abstract: The prospects of DFRRI changing the pattern of rural landscape were very bright. However, the policy had a very short life span as the succeeding government did not give it a chance. The problems highlighted under DFFRI are not peculiar to it alone. Other past and present rural agricultural development policies face similar constraints that hardly allow them to make significant contributions to national development. To reverse this, the following recommendations are made here. First, we agree with Daneji (2011) that the design and management of rural development and agricultural programmes in Nigeria can only move forward if the present practice is adjusted to the social and economic realities and progressive strategies and ideas are given a chance. This is with due acknowledgement of existing short comings which this paper has earlier highlighted. Secondly, to achieve the most outstanding results in this direction, design and implementation of rural development programmes should be a collective venture, where all the stakeholders will make input. The targets of the policy/programme should be fully and actively involved at all stages of the policy. Funds for rural and agricultural development programmes and policies should be stepped up. This will enable agencies responsible for implementing rural and agricultural development policies to meet up with their recurrent and capital expenditures. Finally, corruption must be fought to a stand-still if rural agricultural development policies were to succeed. Most past rural agricultural development policies became ineffective due to large scale corruption. Sometimes government officials sell to rural farmers, fertilizers that were meant to be given to them free of charge. Those paid to give extension services to farmers hardly do the job for which they are paid while funds meant for rural projects are often diverted to private bank accounts. If this trend continues, no rural development policy will succeed and contribute towards national development. It is our hope that if the federal and state governments adhere to these recommendations, our agricultural policies will become more effective and will contribute its quota to national development. View |
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Title: CORPORATE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY OF THE INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION IN MANAGING ELECTORAL VIOLENCE.pdf Author: Bruce Jennifer, Amadi, N. Richard, PhD. & Dike H. Whyte, PhD. Abstract: This study evaluated the corporate communication strategy of the Independent National Electoral Commission, (INEC) in managing electoral violence in Rivers State. The study specifically investigated how INEC’s corporate communication strategy helped manage electoral violence (pre/post) and how it helped to change the electorates’ perception of the electoral process among other things. The survey design was used to sample all the 108 staffs of INEC in Rivers state using the census method of sampling. The questionnaire and interview guide were the instruments for data collection. The data analysis was done descriptively for the interview data and quantitatively using simple percentages and tables for the questionnaire data. The findings were that INEC corporate communication strategies have relatively helped in managing electoral violence by reducing its prevalence and intensity in Rivers State that the communication flow from INEC did not adequately reach out to the internal and external publics. The study therefore recommends that INEC improves the funding of the corporate communications department in order to improve communication flow between its internal and external publics and also expand its strategy to cover other areas of communication in order to earn more trust from electorates and other relevant stakeholders among other things. Keywords: Election, Violence, Electorates, Corporate Communication, strategy View |
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Title: WORK ENVIRONMENT CHALLENGES FOR ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE.pdf Author: SAMUEL, KINIKANWO-CHIMENIM PAUL, PhD. Abstract: In today working environment, organizations are facing several challenges due to the dynamic nature of the environment. Most often the dynamic nature of the working environment impact positively or negatively on the worker attitude, output and performance. The paper looked at the impact of work environment on organizational performance. The paper is purely a content analysis. Based on this, reports on work environment, the worker and the factors necessary for organizational productivity were reviewed. The review of extant literatures on the impact of work environment in organizational performance showed that the work environment whether physical or psychological impacts significantly on workers performance and organizational performance. It is also reviewed that the work environment poses significant challenges for organizational performance. These challenges come in the form of low productivity, workers morale, output and input. Keywords: work, work environment, organizational performance. View |
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Title: THE IMPACT OF SELECTED GOVERNMENT AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES ON RURAL INCOME IN RIVERS STATE.pdf Author: Njoku Kelvin, PhD., Cookey Sunny C.M., Turakpe Morrison J. PhD & Njoku Stanley C. Abstract: This study investigated the impact of selected government agricultural development programmes on rural income in Rivers State. The programmes include the School- To- Land Programme (STLP), Root and Tuber Expansion Programme (RTEP) and National Programme for Food Security (NPFS). The population for the study was 558 farmers, made up of 408 beneficiary farmers and 150 non beneficiary farmers of the above programmes. A multi-stage stratified random sampling technique was employed in the selection of 202 samples from the participating farmers while the cluster sampling technique was adopted to obtain a sample size of 109 respondents from the non-participating group. The instrument for data collection was a well-structured and validated 19 item-questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data on socio-economic demographic characteristics of respondents while the t-statistics was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 percent level of significance. The findings revealed that the non-participating farmers performed better than the participating farmers of the programmes. We therefore concluded that the government agricultural development programme did not impact significantly on the income of the rural farmer in Rivers State. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that the beneficiaries of the programme should be directly involved in the design, planning and implementation of the programme. And there should be adequate and sustained funding of programme. Keywords: Government Agricultural Development, Rural income and School to land Programme. View |
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Title: COMMODITIZATION COMMERCIALIZATION AND SYNDICATION OF NEWS A DEMYSTIFICATION OF MEDIA ECONOMICS.pdf Author: Dike Harcourt Whyte, PhD., Okpowhor Chikwudi & Mba – Nwigoh Enuolare Abstract: This study examines the growing trend of commoditization, commercialization and news syndication with a view to demystifying the dynamics of media economics. The study adopted the Media System Dependency theory and the Social Judgment theory. The study observed that in a bid to weather the storm of the seeming harsh economic situations in Nigeria, media organizations are adopting the options of raising extra funds. Yet the study worries that it is this quest for funding that partly accounts for the growing trend of commoditization, commercialization and news syndication by some media organizations. Granting that media organization exist to make profit, the study contends that this should not be at the expense of the basic features of journalism which are fairness, balance, objectivity, accuracy, truth. It warned that credibility is fast eroding the journalism profession. Concluding, the study maintained that the media in the quest for maximizing profit should go about it with a high sense of responsibility. In view of the fact that society holds them in high esteem, while concluding among others that to stem the tide of commoditization, commercialization and news syndication, media organizations should develop alternative business options through the organizing of conferences and workshop and communication consultancy services. Keyword: Commoditization, commercialization, news syndication, journalism, mass media, professional ethics, economics. View |
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Title: IMPACT OF OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE 21ST CENTURY (MOTIVATION FOR A LIFE LONG LEARNING).pdf Author: Nkasiobi C. Wordu, PhD. Abstract: This paper focuses on open and distance learning in the 21st century. Open and distance learning is a method of study specifically designed for students who are separated from teachers by distance, an electronic learning performed via communication technologies like computer and the Internet. The paper looked at the goals of open and distance learning which is to deliver educational services in a manner that would be more learner-friendly and would motivate learners to realize that learning is a life-long affair, enrich the knowledge base of students in regular school program as well as others who cannot afford to attend full-time schoolings. One out of the features of open and distance learning is that it provides a systematic means and platform for self-study carried on by the willing learner separated by the factors of time and space from the source of teaching. The forms of open and distance learning include, online learning, e-learning, and blended learning just to mention a few. The study looked at the advantages of open and distance learning such as flexibility, on the job learning while its disadvantage include lack of social interaction, and its format is not ideal for all learners. Distance learning programs can act as a catalyst for institutional innovation and are at least as effective as face-to-face learning programs, especially if the instructor is knowledgeable and skilled. It recommended that prospective students in distance learning programs should be computer literate before enrolling in the program. Federal Government of Nigeria should establish computer laboratories with the state-of-the art computer systems equipment and connected to the internet at all levels of learning. Keywords: Open and Distance Education, 21st Century, Motivation, Lifelong Learning View |