2016 Archive
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Title: EFFECTS OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISES IN NIGERIA.pdf Author: Ihe Ndubuisi & Ilechukwu Amobi Damia Abstract: The global financial system has witnessed rapid growth and substantial structural changes in the past few years leading to globalization of financial market. This growth and integration has accentuated the rapid flow of capital across borders as well as magnified the contagious effects of financial crisis with wide implications. Consequently, this paper shall examine the concept of financial crisis, causes and impact of financial crisis, as well as bailout options. Ordinary least square method of analysis was adopted. Conclusions were drawn and recommendation proffered. View |
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Title: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND STRATEGIC TAX BEHAVIOUR IN NIGERIA.pdf Author: Nwaiwu, J.N. PhD. & Ambaiowei, E. T. Abstract: The choice of strategic tax behaviour in Nigeria depends on the most influential people and definition of self-interest background of the economy and humankind’s future. This study examines the influence of corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance. The study adopts causal comparative research design. Panel data of ten Nigerian listed companies was from the first five years of their commencement of trade. The data collected was analyzed using regression analysis with the use of E-view. The empirical result revealed that corporate social responsibility exerts significant positive effect on tax avoidance in Nigeria. We therefore recommend that laws and regulations should obligate entities to be recognized. Adequate attention should be given to social responsibility accounting in terms of social costs and laws mandating corporate social responsibility should be enacted. Keywords: Corporate social responsibility, Community relation, community relation, Employee relation, strategic tax behaviour, tax avoidance. View |
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Title: EXTERNAL DEBT BURDENS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION 1970–2013.pdf Author: Wosu Chidi, Suotor Memoye & Egbo-Dick Macauley Abstract: Financial deficit and inability to mobilize resources domestically make foreign finance a priority for the Nigerian government and the economy. Financial resources flow into the Nigeria economy in the form of foreign loans and investment. The need for foreign finance has been justified on a number of ground as it helps to bridge the gap between the domestic resources deficit and the foreign surplus resources, sustenance of the economy in terms of road construction, building of schools, hospitals, capital accumulation, balance of payment support, managerial know-how, technical experts, technology transfer, agriculture, manufacturing, communication, transpiration and tourism. The finding in this study shows that the co-efficient of correlation is 0.86 which implies that 86% degree of relationship exists between the regressand and the regressors. The co-efficient of determination R2 = 0.74 signifies that 74% of total variation in the regressand is attributed by the explanatory variables in the model while 26% is attributed to the random terms. Adjusted R2=0.71 signifies that there is 71% degrees of freedom is (27.39) which is greater than the F0.05 value (2.53), i.e. Fcal = 27.2? F0.05=2.53. On this account, the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis accepted. This shows that F-statistics is statistically significant implying that the explanatory variables are significant. The Durbin-Watson test result of 1.25 < 2.50 bench mark signifies absence of auto-correlation in the model. We conclude that government should put in place measures to curb the rush for foreign loans especially when it does not have any bearing with the development of the country. Government should equally reduce the amount allocated to debts servicing in every fiscal year since it is inimical to the growth and development of the country. We recommend tighter monetary policies to reduce more foreign borrowing and deduction at source form the resources to be allocated to indebted states in Nigeria. Keywords: External debts, Debt servicing, Economic growth, Capital inflow, macroeconomic environment. View |
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Title: INTRA URBAN MIGRATION IN Port Harcourt CITY LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE NIGERIA CAUSES AND EFFECTS.pdf Author: Nwanyanwu, Dennis H., Amadi, Nyekachi N. & Amadi, Chukuemeka R. Abstract: The study access the causes and effects of Intra-Urban Migration in Port Harcourt City Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. A well-structured questionnaires were used to elucidate responses from authenticated sample population of two-hundred and eighty-six (286) respondents randomly selected from the ten chosen neighbourhoods. Demographic characteristics of the respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency, tables and percentages while the tests of hypotheses were pursued through the use of Z-statistics. Results revealed that insecurity is not a major cause of intra-urban migration within neighbourhoods in Port Harcourt City. Clean environment and quality of infrastructure attracts increase in cost of rent in Port Harcourt. Hypotheses test results show that there is significant relationship between expanded family and intra-urban migration within Port Harcourt City neighbourhood. The study recommended for government intervention through the provision of accommodation to her citizens and opening of more satellite towns. There should be workable legislation to regulate cost of rent and massive infrastructural development within Port Harcourt metropolis. Keywords: Intra-urban, Migration, Port Harcourt, Metropolis, Rivers State. View |
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Title: HUMAN CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT AND PERSON WITH DISABILITY THE PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS IN NIGERIA.pdf Author: Nwankwo Clement & Igboko Ijeoma Peace Abstract: The academic discourse in human capacity enhancement and person with disability will continue to be a topical issue for researchers. This is because; human capacity and dynamics are constantly evolving to meet the challenges in the environment and progression technology. This study examines the human capacity enhancement and person with disability within the Nigeria contexts, however, human capacity enhancement has been identify as a veritable tools towards revitalizing the human potentials for greater efficiency. Person with disability has one form of capacity or the other, therefore, if this capacity is enhanced through qualitative education and entrepreneurship skill training, it will increase their opportunity to become self-employed, create employment, generate revenue for government and reduce social vices among the youths in the society. Relying on the philosophy of the Human Capital Theory as developed by Barney in 1991 and qualitative method of data analysis, the study show that although there are vocational centres in most states but inadequate policies and implementation are lagging behind due to poor legislations and disregard for disability issues among others, furthermore, recommendations were made towards ameliorating these challenges and measures identified for the enhancement of person with disability. Key Words: Person with disability, Human Capacity Enhancement, Entrepreneurship. View |
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Title: THE EFFECT OF WORK HOME INTERACTION ON MANAGERS’ ATTITUDE TO WORK.pdf Author: Udokwu Ethel-Rose .B Abstract: The study was aimed at examining the effects of work-home interaction on the attitude of managers at work. A three-dimensional (ABC) index of attitude was adopted to reflect the affective, behavioural and cognitive components. Eighty respondents were judgmentally drawn from 24 different organizations in Owerri, Imo State and a multiple correlation using the version 20.0 of the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was applied for analysis. The results showed Pearson r’s of 0.543, 0.606 and 0.600 for affective index (emotions), behavioural index and cognitive index respectively. These indicate a fairly strong relationship between work-home interaction, and emotions, behavior and cognition of managers at work. Based on these findings, it was recommended that since load effects get lesser when communicated to a more experienced individual, managers can combat negative home-work spillovers by confiding in someone with a broader experience and emotional stability among others. Keywords: Work-home interaction, attitude. View |
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Title: WORKING PAPERS IT’S RELEVANCE IN AUDIT DOCUMENTATION AND PRACTICE.pdf Author: Etim, Raphael Sunday & Ofonime Jeremiah Abstract: The hallmark of an audit exercise is the issuance of report which is the end product. The report is predicated upon sound basis of preparation and documentation on audit working papers. Documentation is central and indispensable to all audit assignments regardless of the size and nature. The study was to re-awaken the need and indispensability of audit working paper in audit practice among practitioners. The study adopted descriptive research method(ex-post-facto) and information was obtained from secondary sources. The study revealed the significance of the document and the role of it in audit exercise. The study recommends that regulatory authorities must ensure that practitioners are compelled to document all audit assignments. Any erring member should be made to pay for it dearly. Also auditors must observe the professional code of ethics in all ramifications especially in working papers preparation and retention. Keywords: Auditing, Working papers, Audit quality and documentation. View |
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Title: CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOW STATEMENTS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA.pdf Author: Nwaiwu, J.N. PhD. & Sagbara, E. C. Abstract: The connection between cash flow statements and financial performance has been and still is a contentious issue in corporate reporting literature. This paper investigates critical analysis of cash flow statement and financial performance in Nigeria. The purpose is to identify if causal relationship between cash flow statement and financial performance on one hand and the influence of cash flow statements on Net profit on the other. The sample consists of panel of 24 non-financial companies quoted on the NSE, covering the period 2008-2012. The combination of 24 firms for a five-year period provides a balanced panel which can analysed using panel data methodology. The postulated two hypotheses were analysed, using Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression (MLR), with the aid of special package for social science (SPSS), version 20.0. The results indicate that with an r value of .998 and .654, r2 value of .444 and f-ratio of 5.324. The empirical results revealed significant positive results between cash flow statements and financial performance. And cash flow statements on Net Profit. The study therefore recommends that corporate financial managers should appropriately blend their cash flow statement to earn sufficient profitability without sacrificing liquidity. Keywords: Cash flow statements, financial performance, Net Profit, Operating Activity, Nigeria. View |
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Title: GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE PATTERN AND NIGERIAN ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE 1990 2014.pdf Author: Ogbonna, G.N., PhD. & Dennar-Blessing Chizoba Glory Abstract: This study investigated the impact of government expenditure pattern on macroeconomic performance in Nigeria. A time series longitudinal quasi experimental research design was used for the investigation. A sample of 25years period starting from 1990 to 2014 was chosen for the study. Data for the study was sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletins for various years and the National Bureau of Statistics of Nigeria and analyzed by the use of E-view statistical tool. From the Findings, there is no significant impact of both government recurrent and government capital expenditures on inflation; indicating that total government expenditure within the period under review is not enough to generate significant inflation in Nigeria. Hence, the study concludes that of government capital expenditure (GCEXP) is mainly very important in ensuring effective and efficient stimulation of the growth progress and improved living standard in Nigeria. Based on the above, the researchers recommend that Government should lay more emphasis on capital expenditure in order to boost macroeconomic activities; there should be fiscal discipline to ensure that budgetary allocations for improved macroeconomic performance are not misappropriated; the main causes of changes in inflation rate such as the government policy which are not covered in the scope of this study should be reconsidered. Finally, the plan and implementation of public expenditure pattern should involve the relevant stakeholders in order to ensure the actualization of the intended economic objectives. Keywords: Government Expenditure, Fiscal Policy, Inflation and Nigeria. View |
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Title: A ROBUST APPLICATION OF THE ARBITRAGE PRICING THEORY EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA.pdf Author: Oyetayo, Oluwatosin J. & Adeyeye, Patrick Olufemi Abstract: We sought to confirm the relevance of the arbitrage pricing theory in Nigeria. Guided by a good understanding of macroeconomic variables and stock price movements as found in the extant literature on arbitrage pricing theory (APT), we specified our APT equation for estimation. Having satisfied the integration and co-integration issues, we employ the error-correction (ECM) and the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) methods for the short-run and long-run regressions. Our short-run results seem to agree with existing theories on APT thus confirming that APT is relevant in Nigeria. However, the long-run relationship of stock returns and RGDP was found to be contentious. Even though our result runs contrary to predictions on the relationship between the two, we found peculiar events and circumstances within the Nigerian macroeconomic context that provides logical reasons for the deviation. Keywords: equilibrium models, arbitrage pricing theory, capital asset pricing theory, macroeconomic variables. View |
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Title: NEO CONSERVATISM AND DECEPTIONS IN THE INVASION OF IRAQ.pdf Author: Timothy Ubelejit Nte Abstract: The major reason for the March 20, 2003 invasion of Iraq; was to rid Iraq of Weapons of Mass Destruction and the allegation that Saddam’s Iraq has links with al-Qaeda and 9/11. Both reasons turned out to be wrong. This article evaluates the invasion in the light of the Neo-Conservative theoretical framework. The objective of the article is to assess whether the deceptions in the invasion were a blunder or calculated manipulation of intelligence and fabrication of propaganda to incite public support for the war. The conclusion is that the deceptions, lies and carefully launched campaign of misinformation were premeditated and in line with the ‘noble lies’ of the neo-conservative school of thought. Evidently most of the top ranking officers in the George W. Bush administration were neo-conservatives who without minding the consequences or limitations freely lied and fabricated propaganda to bolster invading Iraq. It was not just deceptions in error; the minds of people were systematically coerced, indoctrinated and manipulated to actualize the motive. The article recommends that policies which adversely affect humanity should be transparently and honestly weighed with high sense of morality. War should be a last recourse and a step taken after exhaustive negotiations, arbitration and conciliation. View |
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Title: IMPACT OF STRESS ON PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS IN OREDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE IMPLICATIONS FOR PERFORMANCE.pdf Author: Philomena I. Urhoghide, PhD. & Nkechi Ajah Abstract: The study assessed impact of stress on public school teachers in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State and its implications for Performance. The teachers used in this study were randomly selected from each of the ten sampled public schools from the Local Government Area. The study consists of 142 teachers from given schools. The questionnaire on the impact of stress on public school teachers was used for data collection. The statistical method employed for analyzing the data was the frequency counts and percentage counts and percentage scores. The analysis of the response to the questionnaire yielded the following findings: public school teachers in Oredo Local Government Area have high stressed level because they have heavy work load, public school teachers in Oredo Local Government Area are exposed to stress because of repetitive nature of their job, low remuneration is responsible for public school teachers high level of stress. On the basis of the above findings, it was recommended that government, Ministry of Education and school administrators should be alive to their responsibilities. View |
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Title: MATERIAL HANDLING MANAGEMENT A PANACEA FOR ENHANCING ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE.pdf Author: Babatunde, Bayode Olusanya, PhD. Abstract: Today there are dramatic evolutions in the market environment, forces in the market are posing threat signals to every organization. Managers need to strive and keep their business alive by managing their resources in which materials constitute major part. This study was conducted to examine the impact of material handling management on organizational performance of international breweries Ilesa, Osun State Nigeria. Survey method was employed and data were collected through administration of questionnaires on 160 respondents from the selected concern departments of the company. Also secondary data (profit after tax, inventory materials management extracted from annual report of the organization from 2010-2015. Regression analysis and error correlation method, were used to analyze the formulated hypotheses. The findings showed that ( R2 = 0.96, f-test = 987.667; sig = 0.000 for hypothesis 1); ( adjusted R2 = 0.23, F-statistic = 0.2403, prob=0.657 for hypotheses 2) with the profit after tax for hypothesis 2) all the hypotheses were statistically significant at 5% level, revealing that materials handling management have positive impact on the quality of production capacity and profit after tax. The study revealed that 1% increase in the level of inventory materials management will lead to about 41% increase in the profit after tax made by the organization in the immediate year. Therefore, the study recommended that manufacturing companies are encouraged to increase its resources commitment to material handling management activities such as staff training (research and development) in materials handling, stock level management and buffer stock should be maintained to keep the production process smoothly and boost the profitability level of the organization. Keyword: Material Handling Management, Quality of Production and Capacity, Profit after Tax and Error Correlation Model. View |
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Title: SIMULATION PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIC APPLICATIONS IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT A STRATEGIC DISCOURSE.pdf Author: John E. Chikwe PhD. Abstract: Simulation as a term or concept may have different meanings depending on the usage and applicability. Generally it may refer to the usage of computer to perform certain experiments on a model of a real system. This study investigates into simulation methodology and its major phases and as a tool for evaluating ideas. Included in the study are investigation of scope of simulation applications, simulation programs and languages, desirable features of simulation software, Monte Carlo simulation as well as advantages and disadvantages of simulation. The study noted that a simulation model seeks to duplicate the behavior of the system under investigation by studying the interactions among its components. The output of a simulation model is normally presented in terms of selected measures that reflect the performance of the system. The study therefore recommends that simulation principles and models should be used where applicable in business policy and strategy model building and with care. Key works: Simulation; Principles, Strategic applications; Business management; Computer simulation. View |
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Title: CHIEFTAINCY INSTITUTION IN POST COLONIAL KOLOKUMA CLAN AN EXAMINATION OF THE CHANGING ROLES OF TRADITIONAL RULERS.pdf Author: Larry Steve Ibuomo Abstract: Chieftaincy Institution is an age long phenomenon in practically all parts of Nigerian. It was the profound establishment of this institution, especially in Northern Nigeria that partly accounted for the introduction of the indirect rule system of government in Nigeria. In Kolokuma clan of present day Bayelsa State, Chieftaincy Institution as instituted today, is a recent development. Essentially, pre-colonial Kolokuma communities were segmentary, autonomous, and classically democratic. The people did not evolve a centralized political authority until the advent of colonial rule which brought them together under a central leadership. The post-colonial period witnessed remarkable changes in chieftaincy institution in the clan. A committee was set up in I975 to enquire into the classification of Chiefs and identification of clans in River State. This consequently let to the transfer of power to make and unmake chiefs from the people in which power resides to the apparatus of government. This work, therefore, is designed to examine the institution in Kolokuma clan in post-colonial times. Kolokuma clan is one of the clans that constitute Kolokuma/Opokuma Local Government Area of Bayelsa State and comprises nine communities. Primary and Secondary sources of data will be utilized for this study and it will be historical and analytical. View |
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Title: CULTURAL NATIONALISM IN AMADI’S THE SLAVE AND THE CONCUBINE.pdf Author: Ikegboma Mangibo B. Abstract: Amadi has been an advocate of cultural nationalism. In the Slave and The Concubine, we find Amadi showcasing the beauty of the African society. The books are replete with African Culture. He captures all facets of the society: the marriage system, wrestling, African communalism, African ethos, societal mores, norms just to mention but a few. These are dramatized to the consternation of even the doubting Thomases, the white men who had shown Africa in pejorative light. Amadi has actually right the wrongs which the whites have erroneously written about Africa over the years. View |
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Title: IMPACT OF BRAND ACCOUNTING ON CORPORATE PROFITABILITY.pdf Author: Ihe Ndubuisi John, PhD. Abstract: The objective of this paper is to explore the impact of brand accounting on corporate profitability. The objectives includes: to examine how lack of uniformity in brand valuation technique affects corporate profitability, examine how brand accounting increases corporate profitability. Secondary sources were used in obtaining information, it was realized that brand accounting attracts better quality employees, pay less to retain these employees and require fewer incentives to motivate these employees, helping the corporate firms to increase their profit. It concludes that management will inevitably need to install more value based brand management and accounting system that can align the management of the brand assets and provide more reliable indicators on contribution of brand to the overall business performance. View |
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Title: TAX INCENTIVES AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA (2005 2015).pdf Author: Frankline C. S. A Okeke & Ogbonna, G.N., PhD. Abstract: The study examined tax incentive and economic development of Nigeria from 2005 – 2015. To estimate economic development, Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP), Employment Rate (ER) and Per Capita income (PCI) were selected as the proxies, while tax incentives proxy selected include interest allowance, pioneer status grant and investment allowance. The main objectives of this study are to analyse the trend and impact of the proxies of the independent variable on the proxies of the dependent variable. Data used were purely secondary and were extracted from publications of (CBN) statistical bulletin, (NBS), (FIRS) and Price Water Coopers (PWC). Descriptive statistics, trend analysis and multiple regression analysis, Augmented Dickey Fuller test for the stationarity, hetroskedasticity and Durbin Watson tests were used to analyse the data with the aid of E-Views statistical package. The trend analysis shows various fluctuations, more so pioneer status grant and investment allowance are key and have significant impact on economic development. Based on findings and recommendations, the study recommends that policy makers should be strategic, periodic reforms should be implemented, more awareness on pioneer grants and investment allowance, operational costs should be curtailed and more investment allowance should be given. Keywords: Tax, Incentive, and Economic development. View |
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Title: DIVIDEND POLICY AND FIRM MARKET VALUE IN NIGERIA A PANEL DATA STUDY.pdf Author: Ugorji-Eke, Patience Nnenna, Uruakpa, Napoleon Ireokwu & Kalu, Ugo Eke Abstract: This study considers empirically the relationship between dividend decisions and the market value of 9 quoted companies in Nigeria using the three conventional panel data models; pooled OLS, fixed effects and random effects. The companies are Academy press, BOC Gases, First Bank of Nigeria, Guinness, Julius Berger, Lafarge, Nigerian Breweries, Nestle and United Bank of Africa. The study covers a period of 6 years from 2010 to 2015. Consistent with the signaling theory of dividend, our results suggest that dividend payments have positive influence on the firm market value. A 1% increase in dividend per share would lead to approximately 0.16% increase in the firm market value. Also, consistent with the fixed effects theory, the firm-specific effects have significant explanatory power for firm market value and are correlated with dividend policy variables. Key words: Dividend policy, firm market value, fixed effects. View |
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Title: APPLICATION OF DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS ON CLASSIFIED GROUP.pdf Author: Iweka Fidelis, PhD. & Tei-Firstman, Rose Abstract: This paper explored the application of discriminant analysis on classified groups. Discriminant analysis is a statistical procedure that is related to multiple regressions which uses a number of predictor’s variables to classify subjects into two or more distinct groups. It highlighted the steps applied for the two-group discriminant analysis, illustrated the steps with practical examples and explained the directions for multiple discriminant analysis. The paper also explained related problems in discriminatory analysis, elements of discriminant analysis, assumptions and uses of discriminant function analysis. View |
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Title: EFFECT OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT ON HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY IN OGUN STATE NIGERIA.pdf Author: Ajagbe, F. A. Abstract: The study examine effect of customer relationship management (CRM) on hospitality industry with special reference to selected hotels in Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria. In attaining the highlighted objective, a structured questionnaire was administered for information and data collection. A stratified random sampling technique was used for the selection of the respondents. Total of 120 respondents were selected across the study area. The analysis of data was done using descriptive tools basically to show the distribution of demographic characteristics of the respondents and regression model was employed to examine effect customer relationship management on hospitality industry. The software used was STATA 11.0. Results revealed that variables with positive signs indicate the chances of customer relationship management on hospitality industry increases with service quality (2.15), employees action (4.92), price (2.67), and technology data base (2.76). Based on the finding, it is recommended that the management and organizational heads of hotel industry in the study area should use the findings of this study in understanding CRM practices and ways of dealing with challenges of implementing these CRM practices in order to achieve highest level of customer satisfaction hence competitive advantage. Keywords: Customer relationship management, Customer satisfaction, Hospitality industry, Nigeria View |
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Title: ROLE OF CAREER PREFERENCE FACTORS IN PREDICTING GRADUATES’ EMPLOYABILITY.pdf Author: W.P.R Wickramaratne Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the role of career preference factors in predicting the employability of graduates. A survey was conducted based on a sample of 154 recently passed out graduates who are employed in management faculties as academics of five state owned leading Universities in Sri Lanka. Correlation and regression analyses were performed with the help of SPSS software (version 22) to analyze the collected data.The results found that stability & expertise and variety & creativity are positively related to the employability of graduates. Conversely, Managerial and independence & autonomy do not have significant relationships with employability of graduates. In agreement with the extant literature the graduates are concerned about their job security and seek opportunities to demonstrate skills and knowledge gained from their studies in choosing a career. In contrast to these prior studies, the graduates do not have inspirations to employ in managerial positions that they can enjoy more authority whereas their willingness to have freedom on the job and the autonomy in making decisions are not factors that determine their employability. The outcomes of this study support the predictions made by the integrated model of graduate employability of Coetzee (2008). The implications of the study are also discussed. Keywords: graduates, career preference, employability, Sri Lanka View |